Behandlung von Osteoporose: Können Mikronährstoffe unterstützen?

Treating osteoporosis: Can micronutrients help?

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Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by impaired bone metabolism. Bone substance is broken down, making bones break easily. Osteoporosis can also cause bone and joint pain and lead to skeletal deformation.

Osteoporosis is traditionally treated with exercise therapy and medication. Physical activity is important for bone preservation. In addition, active substances such as bisphosphonates, raloxifene, denosumab and teriparatide can reduce the loss of bone substance.

But micronutrients can also support the treatment of osteoporosis. Bones need various vitamins and minerals. If these are not present, osteoporosis is encouraged.

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The following nutrients are important for osteoporosis:

Calcium

Our bones consist largely of calcium . This mineral is therefore an important building substance for bones.

If the body does not have enough calcium, the bones become soft and unstable. In the worst case, they can break. A lack of calcium therefore leads to osteoporosis. [1]

Magnesium

Magnesium supports vitamin D in its function. [2] Therefore, a magnesium deficiency also promotes osteoporosis. Conversely, a high magnesium intake can counteract bone fractures and osteoporosis. [3]

Minerals and trace elements

In addition to calcium and magnesium, there are other minerals and trace elements that are important for bone health.

Boron reduces calcium loss through the kidneys. Boron is also needed for the production of vitamin D. [4]

Zinc , copper and manganese also appear to be able to counteract osteoporosis. This is at least suggested by a study in which the combined intake of these minerals together with calcium was able to delay the loss of bone mass.

B vitamins

Homocysteine is a toxic metabolic product that can damage blood vessels and bones. High homocysteine levels therefore increase the risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures. [5]

The body needs B vitamins to break down homocysteine: vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folic acid (vitamin B9) and vitamin B12 . Taking B vitamins can lower homocysteine levels and prevent bone fractures. [6]

Vitamin D

Vitamin D is important for the absorption of calcium in the intestine.

Unfortunately, a vitamin D deficiency is very common in Germany. According to a study by the Robert Koch Institute, over 50% of Germans do not have sufficient vitamin D.

Therefore, in addition to ensuring a sufficient supply of calcium, it is important to ensure an adequate vitamin D level. [7] Vitamin D is rarely found in food. The primary source of vitamin D is the sun: the skin can produce vitamin D itself when exposed to the sun.

Vitamin K2

Vitamin K2 is needed for the storage of calcium in the bones. Therefore, a lack of vitamin K2 promotes bone fractures and osteoporosis.

Conversely, studies show that taking vitamin K2 can reduce bone loss and fractures. [8]

Conclusion: Micronutrients support bone health

Nutrients such as vitamin D, vitamin K2, magnesium and calcium are essential for bone health. B vitamins can also help keep bone-damaging homocysteine low. People with osteoporosis or at increased risk of osteoporosis should pay particular attention to ensuring they have a good supply of these nutrients.